| Outcomes of Nasek / Mineral circle / From manure to soil / Situation in our countries / The Netherlands | Wednesday 11.2.2009 |
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The Netherlands The Netherlands is a small country where lives +/-16.335.000 peoples. The size of Holland is 41.526km², which have The Netherlands’ agriculture has many forms in different areas: There is area with only cows, pigs or poultry in one farm. On another area, there can be a couple of different kind livestock in one farm, like cows and poultry together. In the polder and some other areas they have cows with arable farm. The Netherlands has 1,600.000 milking cows. The production is about Manure storage: Most farms in The Netherlands build storage under the stable. In The Netherlands has been used this for forty years. Also new stables build this system. This system has own good and bad points: It is expensive and there is big possibility to go broken. Even the storage are under the stable, they mix the manure before they spread manure with the mixer, what they use with tractor. In The Netherlands has been used that for forty years. Also new stables built this system. This system has own bad things: It is expensive, and more possibility at leak. The new rules from EU, we must have a storage for at least six months. Now some farms built a new storage outside. They have new rules for that. Now (2006) some farmers have to build a new storage to outside. Organic farms use hard manure with straw. Straw is better for ground life and that gives more crop or harvest. Organic farms use hard manure with straw. With straw you need less fertilizer. Manure production is the same. Straw gives more organic matter in the manure. Carrying off manure is free for hard manure with straw, for slurry of liquid it costs € 5 or € 8.
Problems with the storage Some storage below the stable are leak. You know that when they are more manure then are produced. Sometimes go the manure level up and down with the surface water level. That’s the moment there for making a new storage. The cause is, they forget to fill up some little bite water by building this storage. When you forget it, the groundwater level push up the floor from the storage and give some tears. Also it’s important that the construction or structure from the storage are right. When it’s wrong, that will be give some problems with mixed up the manure.
Manuring machines: In the Netherlands we use an injector for manuring the fields. It’s forbidden to spread slurry to the field, but it’s possible, when you after manuring cultivate the manure to under the ground. It’s a new rule from EU. You can also do it in one time, if you cultivate behind the manure wagon. In the Netherlands contactor spread manure usually. The contactor said that they have to check the injector every year, that it is working well. They check knives, hoses, manure gifts, closings and sets. They do the first manuring with a pipe spreader. This system works without a tank, but with a hose. A tank are very heavy. It can be even 10m3 and that is a very bad for you ground structure. If the tractor drives on the field with big tyres, it is better for you ground structure than small tyres. When the ground structure are too tight, then you have more lost of minerals and less harvest. Near by the storage is a big pump they pressure the manure to the injector.
Effects on ground water: Phosphate qualities certainly of the agricultural lands have been agricultural seen in 40% of the fields little bit too high. It’s in discussed the quality of the groundwater. The nitrate concentrations the influence of fertilisation or manuring is particularly in the sand areas. 10m depths noticeable. In the upper groundwater the average concentration 125 mg/l is ( 2 time more then the rules). nitrate concentrations in the sand areas have decreased since 1995 as a result of decreasing n surpluses at milk cattle breeding companies Information from Drinkwater companies appear that because of the longer stay time of the groundwater the influence of fertilisation or manuring on larger depth is still but partly perceptible.
How to apply manure: The best time to manure is 15th of March because then the weather is mostly good and then is more sun hours. When you do it before 15th of March, then you have more possibility at lost of minerals.
How much per ha and how often we put manure in the Netherlands Manure Fertilizer First time Second time Totally Another way First time Second 15 m3
Totally On new grass they use fertilizer with: 26% nitrogen 14% Phosphate
Average Dutch cow manure
Slurry Dry matter Org. Matter Ntotal Nmin Norg P205 K2O Mg Na2O Density 25 10 4,0 3,8 0,2 0,2 8,0 0,2 1,0 1.030 Hard manure with straw 248 150 6,4 1,2 5,2 4,1 8,8 2,1 0,9 900
Page updated 22.5.2006 |
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